Contents and key points of fire prevention supervi

Contents and key points of supervision and management of building design fire prevention

(I) fire supervision and review in the early stage of the construction project

the early stage of the construction project mainly includes four stages: project proposal, design assignment (or feasibility study report), preliminary design, construction drawing design, etc

1. Project proposal stage

construction project proposal is a formal written material prepared by the construction unit or department, enterprise according to the requirements of the long-term planning or industry planning of national economic and social development, combined with the actual situation of the local department or enterprise, and after investigation, analysis and prediction, to the superior department

in the project proposal, there should be the following fire-fighting contents:

(1) according to the properties of raw materials, semi-finished products, products, etc., analyze and explain the fire-fighting contents in terms of proposed scale, construction location, etc

(2 improve the market share of "Hubei materials") propose corresponding fire engineering projects according to the characteristics of engineering projects

(3) prepare investment estimation of fire engineering project

the focus of fire supervision and review is to control the plant site, and never build petrochemical plants in places with complex environment and poor geological and climatic conditions

2. Design assignment stage

after the construction project proposal is approved by the superior, the construction unit can prepare the project design assignment. Before preparation, feasibility study and demonstration should be carried out, and sometimes multiple schemes should be compared. The design letter should be prepared according to the best scheme and submitted for approval

when preparing the project design assignment, the fire and explosion accident prevention measures that need to be demonstrated and prepared include:

(1) fire protection measures, such as fire stations, fire vehicles, fire water sources, fire roads, fire-fighting facilities, etc

(2) measures to prevent overheating and overpressure

(3) protective measures that may cause fire and explosion accidents due to over temperature and over pressure

(4) fire and explosion control measures for key parts

(5) measures to prevent the spread of fire and explosion wave

(6) evacuation and evacuation measures

the key points of fire supervision and review are:

(1) whether the process route is the best scheme from the perspective of fire and explosion prevention

(2) whether the fire-fighting technical equipment and fire-fighting facilities are advanced

(3) whether the investment required by the fire engineering project conforms to the budget estimate and meets the needs

(4) whether the organization, staffing and staffing of the fire brigade are reasonable

(5) whether the regional planning and general layout meet the fire prevention requirements

3. Preliminary design stage

the preliminary design stage will be entered after the design assignment and site selection report of the construction project are approved

the preliminary design is a specific implementation plan for the construction project according to the approved design specification. In the preliminary design, there should be a preliminary design and description of fire-fighting facilities that comply with fire-fighting regulations and standards

a review meeting should be held at this stage, and the fire department should participate in and sign the review opinions. At this time, the fire supervision and review has entered a substantive stage, and a good control of this level will lay a solid foundation for the construction drawing design. The key points of its fire supervision and review are:

(1) according to the fire risk of the production process, combined with the regional wind direction, the environmental conditions of the neighbors of the single project, etc., review whether the process flow and general layout of the production plant are reasonable, and what are the consequences of the interaction between the single projects, etc

(2) whether the layout of liquefied hydrocarbon tank farm and tank farm, as well as the location of dangerous goods warehouse and loading and unloading stack are safe and reasonable

(3) whether the fire separation distance between devices, equipment, buildings, etc. meets the requirements of the code for fire protection design of buildings

(4) whether the fire road has any impact on the railway and highway, and whether it meets the needs of fire fighting and rescue

(5) whether the location and layout of the fire station are reasonable

(6) whether the fire water source is reliable, whether the fire pump station, water supply main pipe, pipeline water supply form, etc. meet the specification requirements, and whether they can meet the fire protection needs

(7) whether the fire power supply, power supply, emergency lighting power supply and explosion-proof power supply in dangerous places meet the specification requirements

(8) whether the fire communication is complete, advanced and reliable

(9) whether the location and layout of buildings and structures are reasonable, and whether their fire prevention and explosion-proof design and heating and ventilation meet the specification requirements

(10) whether the investment required for fire-fighting facilities, detection devices, fire-fighting equipment, as well as the investment allocation, proportion and other information are explained, etc

4. Construction drawing design stage

after the preliminary design of the construction project is reviewed and approved, it will enter the construction drawing design stage. Construction drawings are the basis for construction. With construction drawings, construction projects can start

the purpose of implementing fire supervision and review in the construction drawing design stage is to enable the principle opinions put forward in the preliminary design stage to be specifically implemented in this stage. If the fire-fighting problem is not seriously solved and implemented at this time, it will encounter considerable difficulties to add it later. Therefore, we must firmly grasp this stage, strictly implement the fire and explosion prevention specifications and standards, verify item by item, and earnestly implement them

the key points of fire supervision and review are:

(1) review whether the fire design principles and opinions determined in the preliminary design have been implemented and whether the review conclusions and opinions have been adopted by checking the drawings

(2) whether there are major changes in the construction drawing design and preliminary design, who and what department agrees to approve, whether it is legal, and whether there is a documentary basis

(3) whether the fire protection design meets the specifications and requirements

(4) if there are new rationalization suggestions or different opinions, they can also be put forward at this time. It is not too late to take necessary additional and remedial measures after review and study

(II) supervision and inspection of fire protection in the construction stage

1. Supervision and inspection of fire engineering project construction

according to the principle of "three Simultaneities", the fire engineering project should be constructed at the same time as the construction engineering project. Before and during the construction, the fire supervision and management department should strengthen the supervision and management of the construction of fire engineering projects, assign special personnel to take charge of it, regularly check and urge the construction department to implement the relevant fire laws, regulations and standards, and go deep into the field investigation and research, put forward problems in combination with the actual situation, and help solve the problems. In case of differences of opinion, it should adhere to the principle and report to the superior, so that the project can ensure the quality, Ensure that the construction period is not delayed

to implement fire control supervision and management in the construction stage, we should adhere to the "four no's", namely:

(1) do not arbitrarily reduce fire control design projects

(2) do not reduce the fire protection design standard at will

(3) do not misappropriate the special funds for fire protection at will

(4) do not arbitrarily delay the construction period of fire protection works

in the construction stage, the key points of fire supervision and inspection are:

(1) whether the construction plan, progress, capital and construction team of fire engineering are implemented

(2) whether the schedule of commencement, completion, test run and acceptance is scientific, reasonable and feasible

(3) whether the qualification of the fire engineering construction team has been recognized

(4) whether the construction drawings have been reviewed, approved and filed by the fire supervision organization

(5) whether the project is constructed on schedule

(6) whether the fire-fighting products installed in construction are qualified products recognized and approved by the fire supervision organization

(7) whether the construction progress is achieved as planned

(8) whether the construction quality meets the provisions of technical quality standards

(9) what problems remain in the construction

2. Supervision and inspection of the construction site (construction site)

practice has proved that the fire safety of the construction site is very important. A little negligence or carelessness will lead to fire and explosion accidents, which will not only cause casualties and property losses, but also affect the construction progress and delay the commencement date. Therefore, in the construction stage of the project, strengthening the fire supervision and management of the construction site and construction team is also a crucial link

the construction team must do a good job of fire prevention before and after construction in accordance with the policy of "prevention first, prevention and elimination combined" and the principle of "who is in charge, who is responsible", so as to ensure the smooth progress of construction and create good safety conditions for completion and production. The fire supervision and management department shall carry out routine supervision and inspection on the construction site in accordance with the requirements of relevant national fire laws and regulations. The inspection focuses on:

(1) whether the general layout of the construction conforms to the current fire prevention regulations

(2) whether the fire water source at the construction site is sufficient and meets the requirements

(3) whether the construction road can meet the requirements of fire access

(4) whether the fire prevention distance of the construction equipment stacking site meets the requirements and whether the fire prevention measures are implemented

(5) whether the construction fire system is sound, and whether the fire prevention measures for electric welding and blowtorch appliances are implemented

(6) whether the electricity consumption of site facilities and temporary construction electricity meet the safety regulations

(7) whether the fire-fighting facilities and fire-fighting equipment at the construction site are in good condition, and whether the storage, maintenance and use system is sound

(8) whether the fire-fighting organization at the construction site is implemented and whether the construction personnel have received fire-fighting training to meet the requirements of "knowing and knowing"

(III) fire supervision and acceptance in the later stage of the construction project

the later stage of the construction project mainly includes: single machine test run, linkage test run, feeding test run and completion acceptance

the main content of fire control supervision and management, in addition to the inspection and acceptance of the later stages of the whole construction project, it is particularly necessary to carefully inspect and accept the fire engineering project. Some fire engineering projects must be completed and put into use first, so as to ensure the safe commissioning and putting into use of the whole construction project. The inspection and acceptance of such fire engineering projects must be carried out first

1. Inspection and acceptance in the later stage of the fire engineering project

single machine test run: after the installation of the fire pump, the single machine test run should be carried out first to check whether the performance of the equipment meets the design requirements. Generally, it is operated by installation personnel, with the participation of personnel from production, engineering, design, mobility, safety technology, fire protection and other departments. Record the trial operation and urge the rectification of exposed problems. The key points of supervision and inspection are:

(1) whether the basic conditions for single machine test run are met, whether the installation and commissioning work is completed, whether the foundation grouting and plastering are qualified, review the installation records and check whether there are problems in the installation quality

(2) whether the safety accessories on the equipment are complete and whether the interlocking device is flexible and easy to use after verification

(3) whether the commissioning plan is correct and feasible

(4) whether the test run site meets the requirements and whether the fire-fighting equipment on site meets the requirements

(5) whether the current, temperature, pressure, noise, vibration and other conditions of the equipment meet the requirements of the technical documents

on load combined transport: on the basis of single machine test run, purging, through pressure test and other workpieces, all installed fire engineering projects are carried out on load (generally using water as the medium) combined transport, in order to check whether the construction quality of the project and the performance of the equipment meet the requirements. The key points of supervision and inspection are:

(1) review the supervision and inspection contents during the single machine test run

(2) check whether the process is correct and whether the quality of pipeline craters and valves is qualified

(3) check special process equipment